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ʻO ka wai ke koko i loko o ka pia.
He ʻokoʻa ka wai ma ka ʻāina a he hopena pololei ka wai i ka ʻono o ka pia.Pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia ka paʻakikī, ka mea i haku ʻia me ka calcium a me ka magnesium.Nui ka poʻe brewer e makemake i ka wai e loaʻa ma ka liʻiliʻi he 50 mg/l o Calcium, akā ʻoi aku ka nui e hiki ke hōʻino i nā ʻono no ka mea e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka pH o ka mash.Pēlā nō, maikaʻi ka Magnesium liʻiliʻi, akā hiki i ka nui ke hana i kahi ʻono ʻawaʻawa.ʻO ka 10 i ka 25 mg / l o ka manganese ka mea makemake loa.
Hiki i ka Sodium ke lilo i mea haumia i hiki ke hana i ka ʻono metala, ʻo ia ke kumu ʻaʻole hoʻohana nā mea hana akamai i ka wai palupalu.He mea maikaʻi loa ka mālama ʻana i nā pae sodium ma lalo o 50 mg/l.Hoʻohui ʻia, makemake ʻia ʻo Carbonate a me Bicarbonate ma kekahi mau pae a me ka pōʻino i nā pae kiʻekiʻe.ʻO ka pia ʻeleʻele me ka ʻakika kiʻekiʻe i kekahi manawa a hiki i ka 300 mg/l o ka carbonate, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka IPA ma lalo o 40 mg/l.